partnereink
CZÓBEL, Béla
CZÓBEL, Béla
painter
(4. Sept. 1883, Budapest – 29. Jan. 1976, Budapest) He took his first lessons (from Béla Iványi-Grünwald) at the artists' colony in Nagybánya in 1902, and that was where he returned every summer in the years that followed, from the academy in Munich to begin with, and then from Paris, where he studied at the Julian Academy. It was here, too, that he met his first wife. Yet despite - or perhaps because of - these close ties, Béla Czóbel was one of the "neos", the young people who worked and studied at Nagybánya, who represented a different concept of art from that of their plein-air founding fathers. From 1903 he made regular visits to Paris, joining the circle of forward-looking artists (Matisse, Picasso, Braque). As a consequence he quite quickly developed a style close to the Fauves, characterised by strong colouring, where beautiful things from everyday life (girls, women, still lifes with fruit, intimate interiors) were painted in rich hues. With this decorative approach he quickly gained a reputation both in Paris and in Hungary, and when the Group of Eight was formed, the association of artists that launched modern Hungarian art, he joined it as an illustrious representative of the new generation. He spent the war years in Holland and then lived in Berlin for the first half of the twenties, after which he returned to Paris. But while his seat of operations was changing (and he led a sort of double life with regular visits to Hungary the while) there was no significant development in his art. Intimate nudes, still lifes, interiors and townscapes, bathed in warm colours, continued to emerge from his studio, the only difference being that the contours that were still strong in the twenties gradually became less so, and the reds, yellows and greens, untrammelled, ran into each other, creating a swirling cavalcade-like whole. In 1940 he returned definitively to Hungary and settled in Szentendre with his second wife, the painter Mária Modok, but leaving aside the period of the second World War he continued to spend a part of each year of his long and active life abroad, mostly in Paris. (Clarisse Philip: Czóbel. Budapest, 1970. Mimi Kratochwill: Czóbel Béla élete és mûvészete {The Life and Art of Béla Czóbel}. Budapest 2001. Mimi Kratochwill: Béla Czóbel. Budapest, 2001 - in French)
[József Vadas: Hungarian Masterpieces (Vadas József : A magyar festészet remekei), translator: Godfrey Offord, Corvina Publishers, 2004.] One-Man Shows:
1907 • Galerie Berthe Weil, Paris
1920 • Galerie Paul Cassirer, Berlin • Galerie Goldschmidt, Berlin
1924 • Belvedere, Budapest
1926, 1929 • Galerie Pierre, Paris (cat.)
1927, 1936 • Joseph Brummer Gallery, New York (cat.)
1930 • Tamás Gallery, Budapest
1932 • Ernst Museum, Budapest
1933 • Galerie van Leer, Paris
1933, 1936 • Fränkel Salon (cat.)
1934 • Galerie Paquereau, Paris
1937 • Galerie Bonaparte, Paris
1948 • Galerie des Beaux-Arts, Paris (cat.) • Galerie Katia Granoff, Paris
1952, 1954, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1962, 1964 • Galerie Zak, Paris
1954, 1966 • Ferenczy Museum, Szentendre (HU)
1958 • XXIX. Biennial of Venice, Venice, Banquet-hall of the Hungarian Pavilion • National Salon, Budapest
1961, 1965 • Galerie Georges Moors, Geneva
1961, 1966, 1968 • Int. Gallery, Chicago
1967 • Tokio
1969 • Galerie Drouet, Paris
1971 • Műcsarnok, Budapest • Esztergom (HU). Memorial Exhibitions:
1976 • Balatonboglár (HU); Debrecen (HU); Szeged (HU)
1981 • Hommage to ~, Int. G. R. S. Johnson, Chicago (cat.)
1983 • Siófok (HU); Kaposvár (HU); Artist and Arts Patron. Exhibition from the Pictures of the Fruchter Collection. 100th Anniversary of the Artist’s Birth., Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest
1991 • Műhely Gallery, Szentendre (HU). Selected Group Exhibitions:
1903 • Salon du Champs-de-Mars, Paris • National Salon, Budapest
1904 • Műcsarnok, Budapest
1905, 1906 • Salon d'Automne, Room of the "Fauves", Salon des Indépendants, Paris
1913 • Jury-Free Exhibition, Művészház, Budapest
1919 • Hollandsche Kunstenaarskrig, Stedelijk M., Amsterdam • Freie Sezession, Berlin
1923 • Galerie Wallerstein, Berlin
1924 • Belvedere, Budapest
1927, 1930, 1932 • Galerie Bing, Paris
1934 • XIX. Biennial of Venice, Venice
1937 • Ernst Museum, Budapest
1958 • National Salon, Budapest
1963 • École de Paris, Galerie Charpentier, Paris
1964 • Selected Works of the Twentieth Century, Crane Kalman Gallery, London
1967 • Gresham and his Circle, Csók Gallery, Székesfehérvár (HU)
1970 • Contemporary Hungarian Artists, Musée Galliera, Paris
1981 • The Eights and activists, Exhibition of the Hungarian National Gallery, London, Paris, Rome, Prague. Works in Public Collections:
Balassa Museum, Esztergom (HU)
Municipal Picture Gallery, Budapest
Ferenczy Museum, Szentendre (HU)
Janus Pannonius Museum, Modern Hungarian Art Gallery, Pécs (HU)
Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest
Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris. Bibliography:
Lellei, A. (Ady Endre): A piktúra-bábel, Budapesti Napló, 1907. március 30.
Weise, E.: ~, Das Kunstblatt, Berlin, 1920. april
Kállai, E.: ~, Ars Una, 1924. február
Roger-Marx, C.: (cat., intro Galerie Pierre, Paris, 1926 and Brummer Gallery, New York, 1927)
Kállai, E.: ~, Ars Hungarica, Budapest, 1934
Kállai, E.: (cat., intro, Fränkel Szalon, 1936)
Gachot, F.: ~, Nouvelle Revue de Hongrie, 1941. march
Kassák, L.: Vallomás tizenöt mûvészrõl, Budapest, 1942
Bölöni, Gy.: Pour la Victoire, pour la Liberté! Beöthy, E.: A nos visiteurs (cat., intro, Galerie Beaux-Arts, Paris, 1945)
Kassák, L.: Képzõmûvészetünk Nagybányától napjainkig, Budapest, 1947
Gachot, F.: ~, Alkotás, 1947
Bouret, J.: Exposition - a Paris, Arts, 16. april 1948.
Czóbel, B.: Önéletrajz levélben, Az új magyar mûvészet önarcképe. Az Európai Iskola könyvtára, Budapest, é. n.
Pillement, G.: ~, peintures anciennes et récentes (cat., intro, Galerie Beaux-Arts, Paris, 1948)
Duthuit, G.: Les Fauves, Geneve, 1949
Kassák, L.: ~ festõmûvész kiállítása (cat., intro., National Salon, Budapest, 1958)
Genthon, I.: ~ kiállítása, Mûterem, 1958/11.
Genthon, I.: ~, Budapest, 1961
Dunoyer De Segonzac, A. (cat., intro., Galerie Zak, Paris, 1962)
Pataky, D.: ~, Mûvészet, 1962/10.
Pataky, D.: A Hungarian Painter (~ in Paris), New Hungarian Quarterly, 1963/11.
Philipp, C.: ~ fiatalkori képei, A Magyar Nemzeti Galéria Közleményei, 1963/4.
Dévényi, I.: ~, Jelenkor, 1963/2.
Duitser, F.: De terugkeer van ~ Hongaarse Schilder in zichzelf gebleven is, De Tijd De Maasbode, 1966. április 27.
Telepy, K.: (cat., intro., Szentendre, 1966)
Passuth, K.: A Nyolcak festészete, Budapest, 1967
Dévényi, I.: ~ nyolcvanöt éves, Mûvészet, 1968/ 8.
Hommage a ~, Galerie René Drouet, Párizs, 1969
Philipp, C.: ~, Budapest, 1970
Kratochwill, M.: (cat., intro., Mûcsarnok, 1971)
Mucsi, A.: (cat., intro., a Dévényi Iván ~ gyûjteményét bemutató kiállításhoz, Esztergom, 1971)
Diehl, G.: The Fauves, New York, 1972
Vadas, J.: A festészet mint életforma - ~ legújabb mûvei, Élet és Irodalom, 1973. szeptember 8.
Frank, J.: ~ at Ninety, New Hungarian Quarterly, 1974/53.
Kratochwill, M.: (cat., intro., ~ Múzeumhoz, Szentendre, 1975)
Frank, J.: Alapélményem: ~, Élet és Irodalom, 1975. augusztus 23.
Kratochwill, M.: (kat., bev. tan. a balatonboglári és debreceni emlékkiállításhoz, 1976)(cat.)
Borghida, I.: ~ és Ziffer, Korunk, 1978/11.
Johnson, S. R.: Hommage to ~ 1883-1976 (cat., intro., Chicago, 1981)
Frank, J.-Kratochwill, M.: ~, Budapest, 1985
Sin, E.: ~, (Bibliography) Szentendre, 1983 (home-made copy).
painter
(4. Sept. 1883, Budapest – 29. Jan. 1976, Budapest) He took his first lessons (from Béla Iványi-Grünwald) at the artists' colony in Nagybánya in 1902, and that was where he returned every summer in the years that followed, from the academy in Munich to begin with, and then from Paris, where he studied at the Julian Academy. It was here, too, that he met his first wife. Yet despite - or perhaps because of - these close ties, Béla Czóbel was one of the "neos", the young people who worked and studied at Nagybánya, who represented a different concept of art from that of their plein-air founding fathers. From 1903 he made regular visits to Paris, joining the circle of forward-looking artists (Matisse, Picasso, Braque). As a consequence he quite quickly developed a style close to the Fauves, characterised by strong colouring, where beautiful things from everyday life (girls, women, still lifes with fruit, intimate interiors) were painted in rich hues. With this decorative approach he quickly gained a reputation both in Paris and in Hungary, and when the Group of Eight was formed, the association of artists that launched modern Hungarian art, he joined it as an illustrious representative of the new generation. He spent the war years in Holland and then lived in Berlin for the first half of the twenties, after which he returned to Paris. But while his seat of operations was changing (and he led a sort of double life with regular visits to Hungary the while) there was no significant development in his art. Intimate nudes, still lifes, interiors and townscapes, bathed in warm colours, continued to emerge from his studio, the only difference being that the contours that were still strong in the twenties gradually became less so, and the reds, yellows and greens, untrammelled, ran into each other, creating a swirling cavalcade-like whole. In 1940 he returned definitively to Hungary and settled in Szentendre with his second wife, the painter Mária Modok, but leaving aside the period of the second World War he continued to spend a part of each year of his long and active life abroad, mostly in Paris. (Clarisse Philip: Czóbel. Budapest, 1970. Mimi Kratochwill: Czóbel Béla élete és mûvészete {The Life and Art of Béla Czóbel}. Budapest 2001. Mimi Kratochwill: Béla Czóbel. Budapest, 2001 - in French)
[József Vadas: Hungarian Masterpieces (Vadas József : A magyar festészet remekei), translator: Godfrey Offord, Corvina Publishers, 2004.] One-Man Shows:
1907 • Galerie Berthe Weil, Paris
1920 • Galerie Paul Cassirer, Berlin • Galerie Goldschmidt, Berlin
1924 • Belvedere, Budapest
1926, 1929 • Galerie Pierre, Paris (cat.)
1927, 1936 • Joseph Brummer Gallery, New York (cat.)
1930 • Tamás Gallery, Budapest
1932 • Ernst Museum, Budapest
1933 • Galerie van Leer, Paris
1933, 1936 • Fränkel Salon (cat.)
1934 • Galerie Paquereau, Paris
1937 • Galerie Bonaparte, Paris
1948 • Galerie des Beaux-Arts, Paris (cat.) • Galerie Katia Granoff, Paris
1952, 1954, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1962, 1964 • Galerie Zak, Paris
1954, 1966 • Ferenczy Museum, Szentendre (HU)
1958 • XXIX. Biennial of Venice, Venice, Banquet-hall of the Hungarian Pavilion • National Salon, Budapest
1961, 1965 • Galerie Georges Moors, Geneva
1961, 1966, 1968 • Int. Gallery, Chicago
1967 • Tokio
1969 • Galerie Drouet, Paris
1971 • Műcsarnok, Budapest • Esztergom (HU). Memorial Exhibitions:
1976 • Balatonboglár (HU); Debrecen (HU); Szeged (HU)
1981 • Hommage to ~, Int. G. R. S. Johnson, Chicago (cat.)
1983 • Siófok (HU); Kaposvár (HU); Artist and Arts Patron. Exhibition from the Pictures of the Fruchter Collection. 100th Anniversary of the Artist’s Birth., Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest
1991 • Műhely Gallery, Szentendre (HU). Selected Group Exhibitions:
1903 • Salon du Champs-de-Mars, Paris • National Salon, Budapest
1904 • Műcsarnok, Budapest
1905, 1906 • Salon d'Automne, Room of the "Fauves", Salon des Indépendants, Paris
1913 • Jury-Free Exhibition, Művészház, Budapest
1919 • Hollandsche Kunstenaarskrig, Stedelijk M., Amsterdam • Freie Sezession, Berlin
1923 • Galerie Wallerstein, Berlin
1924 • Belvedere, Budapest
1927, 1930, 1932 • Galerie Bing, Paris
1934 • XIX. Biennial of Venice, Venice
1937 • Ernst Museum, Budapest
1958 • National Salon, Budapest
1963 • École de Paris, Galerie Charpentier, Paris
1964 • Selected Works of the Twentieth Century, Crane Kalman Gallery, London
1967 • Gresham and his Circle, Csók Gallery, Székesfehérvár (HU)
1970 • Contemporary Hungarian Artists, Musée Galliera, Paris
1981 • The Eights and activists, Exhibition of the Hungarian National Gallery, London, Paris, Rome, Prague. Works in Public Collections:
Balassa Museum, Esztergom (HU)
Municipal Picture Gallery, Budapest
Ferenczy Museum, Szentendre (HU)
Janus Pannonius Museum, Modern Hungarian Art Gallery, Pécs (HU)
Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest
Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris. Bibliography:
Lellei, A. (Ady Endre): A piktúra-bábel, Budapesti Napló, 1907. március 30.
Weise, E.: ~, Das Kunstblatt, Berlin, 1920. april
Kállai, E.: ~, Ars Una, 1924. február
Roger-Marx, C.: (cat., intro Galerie Pierre, Paris, 1926 and Brummer Gallery, New York, 1927)
Kállai, E.: ~, Ars Hungarica, Budapest, 1934
Kállai, E.: (cat., intro, Fränkel Szalon, 1936)
Gachot, F.: ~, Nouvelle Revue de Hongrie, 1941. march
Kassák, L.: Vallomás tizenöt mûvészrõl, Budapest, 1942
Bölöni, Gy.: Pour la Victoire, pour la Liberté! Beöthy, E.: A nos visiteurs (cat., intro, Galerie Beaux-Arts, Paris, 1945)
Kassák, L.: Képzõmûvészetünk Nagybányától napjainkig, Budapest, 1947
Gachot, F.: ~, Alkotás, 1947
Bouret, J.: Exposition - a Paris, Arts, 16. april 1948.
Czóbel, B.: Önéletrajz levélben, Az új magyar mûvészet önarcképe. Az Európai Iskola könyvtára, Budapest, é. n.
Pillement, G.: ~, peintures anciennes et récentes (cat., intro, Galerie Beaux-Arts, Paris, 1948)
Duthuit, G.: Les Fauves, Geneve, 1949
Kassák, L.: ~ festõmûvész kiállítása (cat., intro., National Salon, Budapest, 1958)
Genthon, I.: ~ kiállítása, Mûterem, 1958/11.
Genthon, I.: ~, Budapest, 1961
Dunoyer De Segonzac, A. (cat., intro., Galerie Zak, Paris, 1962)
Pataky, D.: ~, Mûvészet, 1962/10.
Pataky, D.: A Hungarian Painter (~ in Paris), New Hungarian Quarterly, 1963/11.
Philipp, C.: ~ fiatalkori képei, A Magyar Nemzeti Galéria Közleményei, 1963/4.
Dévényi, I.: ~, Jelenkor, 1963/2.
Duitser, F.: De terugkeer van ~ Hongaarse Schilder in zichzelf gebleven is, De Tijd De Maasbode, 1966. április 27.
Telepy, K.: (cat., intro., Szentendre, 1966)
Passuth, K.: A Nyolcak festészete, Budapest, 1967
Dévényi, I.: ~ nyolcvanöt éves, Mûvészet, 1968/ 8.
Hommage a ~, Galerie René Drouet, Párizs, 1969
Philipp, C.: ~, Budapest, 1970
Kratochwill, M.: (cat., intro., Mûcsarnok, 1971)
Mucsi, A.: (cat., intro., a Dévényi Iván ~ gyûjteményét bemutató kiállításhoz, Esztergom, 1971)
Diehl, G.: The Fauves, New York, 1972
Vadas, J.: A festészet mint életforma - ~ legújabb mûvei, Élet és Irodalom, 1973. szeptember 8.
Frank, J.: ~ at Ninety, New Hungarian Quarterly, 1974/53.
Kratochwill, M.: (cat., intro., ~ Múzeumhoz, Szentendre, 1975)
Frank, J.: Alapélményem: ~, Élet és Irodalom, 1975. augusztus 23.
Kratochwill, M.: (kat., bev. tan. a balatonboglári és debreceni emlékkiállításhoz, 1976)(cat.)
Borghida, I.: ~ és Ziffer, Korunk, 1978/11.
Johnson, S. R.: Hommage to ~ 1883-1976 (cat., intro., Chicago, 1981)
Frank, J.-Kratochwill, M.: ~, Budapest, 1985
Sin, E.: ~, (Bibliography) Szentendre, 1983 (home-made copy).
